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A-Level Chemistry

The core every exam board teaches, and the topics your board adds — one-to-one and online, from mole calculations to organic synthesis.

What this covers in detail

Formulae, equations and amounts of substance

Empirical and molecular formulae, balanced equations, the mole, reacting masses, gas volumes, yields and atom economy, and titrations.

Atomic structure

Electronic configuration in s, p and d orbitals, ions and isotopes, and mass spectrometry.

Bonding and structure

Ionic, covalent and metallic structures, intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonding, electronegativity, and the shapes of molecules.

Energetics

Enthalpy changes, bond enthalpies, Hess’s law, and entropy and the feasibility of reactions.

Kinetics

Collision theory and activation energy, the Boltzmann distribution, catalysts, and rate equations and orders of reaction.

Equilibria

Dynamic equilibrium, the equilibrium constant Kc, acids and bases, pH, Kw and Ka, and buffer solutions.

Redox

Oxidation states, oxidation and reduction as electron transfer, and electrode potentials.

Inorganic chemistry and the periodic table

Trends across a period and within groups, and the transition metals: oxidation states, coloured ions, complexes and catalysis.

Organic chemistry

Functional groups and isomerism, reaction types and mechanisms, benzene, and organic synthesis.

Modern analytical techniques

Mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chromatography.

The Department for Education sets a core of A-Level Chemistry content that every exam board must include, and each board adds its own topics around it. The later parts of the course — equilibria, redox, organic synthesis — all depend on the early ones. These lessons keep the foundations secure while the course moves on.

What this covers

Foundations kept secure

Amount of substance, bonding and energetics are revisited as the later topics lean on them.

Mechanisms, understood

Organic mechanisms are taught as movements of electrons that can be reasoned out, not pictures to memorise.

Practical skills

Practical skills are assessed at A-Level. Lessons cover the techniques, the calculations and how practical questions are asked in the papers.

Pricing

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Common questions

Which exam boards do you cover?

AQA, Pearson Edexcel, OCR and WJEC Eduqas. The core is common; each board’s extra topics are covered from its own specification.

How much maths is there?

A fair amount — moles, logarithms for pH, rate equations and equilibrium calculations. Lessons cover the maths as the chemistry needs it.

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